Assembled August 2026 for html/unpublished-ai/large-scale-structure/index.md.
How everything below was read. Every quotation in the article was taken from the bytes of a PDF, either a copy already in /home/projects/bereanarchive/sources/papers/ or one downloaded with curl and run through pdftotext in /home/eric/scratch/lss/. No quotation, page number, date or numeral in the article came from WebFetch or any other summarising route. Journal volumes and page numbers were checked against the Crossref REST API, which returns publisher metadata rather than a model's paraphrase; where Crossref and a memory note disagreed, Crossref won, and one such disagreement is recorded below.
Two-column PDFs. The Labbé preprint and several of the AAS papers interleave under plain pdftotext -layout. All quotations from them were pulled with pdftotext -raw, which preserves reading order in these files, and checked against the column-cropped extraction where the wording mattered.
1. The acoustic ruler — prediction, detection, confirmation
| Key | Source | Used for | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
peebles-1970 |
Peebles & Yu, ApJ 162 (1970): 815 | The 1970 computation of the post-recombination density spectrum; the oscillations in their Figs. 4-7 | Used. In the library. The ADS scan's OCR is damaged, so only the clean abstract sentence is quoted |
sunyaev-1970 |
Sunyaev & Zel'dovich, Ap&SS 7 (1970): 3 | The independent Moscow calculation of the same year | Used, for attribution only. Image-only ADS scan; no quotation taken |
eisenstein-1998 |
Eisenstein & Hu, ApJ 496 (1998): 605 | "their discovery would represent a strong consistency test for the cosmological model" | Used. Downloaded from arXiv:astro-ph/9709112 |
blake-2003 |
Blake & Glazebrook, ApJ 594 (2003): 665 | The "standard cosmological ruler" proposal | Used. arXiv:astro-ph/0301632 |
seo-2003 |
Seo & Eisenstein, ApJ 598 (2003): 720 | "The cosmic microwave background provides the scale of the oscillations as a standard ruler" | Used. arXiv:astro-ph/0307460 |
eisenstein-2005 |
Eisenstein et al., ApJ 633 (2005): 560 | The 2005 SDSS detection; 3.4σ; the CMB-independence statement; the sound-horizon scaling | Used. Already in the library |
cole-2005 |
Cole et al., MNRAS 362 (2005): 505 | The independent 2dF detection and the team's own downgrade of its significance to "about the 1% level" | Used. Already in the library |
desi-2025 |
DESI Collaboration, PRD 112 (2025): 083515 | rd = 147.05 Mpc to 0.2 percent; 14 million objects; 5,000 fibres; seven tracers; the 2.3σ BAO-vs-CMB tension | Used. Already in the library |
bahr-kalus-2025 |
Bahr-Kalus et al., PRD 112 (2025): 063553 | The first turnover detection in the galaxy auto-power spectrum, and its honest 30 percent precision | Used. Already in the library |
| — | Alcock & Paczyński, Nature 281 (1979): 358 | The geometric test that keeps redshift-to-distance conversion from being circular | Used, for attribution only. Metadata confirmed through Crossref; full text not needed and not fetched |
2. Mapping the cosmic web
| Key | Source | Used for | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | de Lapparent, Geller & Huchra, ApJ 302 (1986): L1 | The bubble structure, and the abstract's own "pose serious challenges for current models" | Used. The ADS article service returned repeated 504s; it came down on a later retry of https://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/pdf/1986ApJ...302L...1D |
| — | Geller & Huchra, Science 246 (1989): 897 | The Great Wall | Used, for attribution only. The Science back file is paywalled; the Wall's comoving length is taken from Gott 2005 instead, which measures it directly |
| — | Colless et al., MNRAS 328 (2001): 1039 | 2dF instrument description — 400 fibres, 2° field, AAT | Used. arXiv:astro-ph/0106498 |
| — | York et al., AJ 120 (2000): 1579 | SDSS technical design | Used, for attribution only. Metadata confirmed through Crossref |
| — | Gott et al., ApJ 624 (2005): 463 | The Sloan Great Wall at 1.37 billion light years; the CfA2 Wall at 240 Mpc comoving | Used. arXiv:astro-ph/0310571 |
| — | Nadathur, MNRAS 434 (2013): 398 | The null test that dissolves gigaparsec "structures" | Used. arXiv:1306.1700 |
| — | Sawala & Teeriaho, OJA 8 (2025) | The same treatment applied to the Giant Arc | Used, title and venue only. The publisher PDF at astro.theoj.org returned an empty stream to curl; no quotation is taken from it and the article says so in the footnote |
3. Structure growth, the growth rate, and S8
| Key | Source | Used for | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | Kaiser, MNRAS 227 (1987): 1 | "Peculiar velocities distort the clustering pattern in redshift space on all scales" | Used. The ADS /pdf/ route 504'd; https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/link_gateway/1987MNRAS.227....1K/ARTICLE served the scan |
alam-2021c |
Alam et al., PRD 103 (2021): 083533 | σ8 = 0.85 ± 0.03 from BAO+RSD; dark-energy-free models excluded at >8σ | Used. Already in the library |
| — | Springel et al., Nature 435 (2005): 629 | The Millennium Run's own statement of what the model predicts | Used. arXiv:astro-ph/0504097 |
| — | Heymans et al., A&A 646 (2021): A140 | KiDS-1000, S8 = 0.766, "~3σ" on S8 and "~2σ" in the full parameter space | Used. arXiv:2007.15632 |
| — | Abbott et al. (DES), PRD 105 (2022): 023520 | DES Year 3, S8 = 0.776 ± 0.017, p = 0.13 to 0.48 against Planck | Used. arXiv:2105.13549 |
wright-2025 |
Wright et al., A&A 703 (2025): A158 | S8 = 0.815, 0.73σ, and the collaboration's attribution to its own calibration | Used. Already in the library |
planck-2018b |
Planck Collaboration, A&A 641 (2020): A6 | The baryon and cold-dark-matter densities; zeq = 3387 ± 21 | Used. Already in the library |
| — | Clowe et al., ApJ 648 (2006): L109 | The Bullet Cluster 8σ offset, quoted as one of the two independent routes to the dark-matter ratio | Used. Quotation and locator reused verbatim from the verified footnote in html/unpublished-ai/big-bang-cosmology/index.md |
4. JWST and the early-galaxy claim
| Key | Source | Used for | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| — | Labbé et al., arXiv:2207.12446 v1, 25 July 2022 | The original title and the "seven galaxies … two galaxies with M∗ ∼ 1011" claim, plus the z ∼ 18 forecast and the "three orders of magnitude" sentence | Used. Downloaded and read as its own file; this is the version the popular and creationist coverage quotes |
| — | Labbé et al., Nature 616 (2023): 266 (= arXiv v3) | The published title, six candidates, 7.4 ≤ z ≤ 9.1, and the three in-paper hedges | Used. Publication dates confirmed through Crossref (online 22 Feb 2023, print 13 Apr 2023) |
| — | sample_revision3_2207.12446.ecsv, github.com/ivolabbe/red-massive-candidates |
The photometric redshifts and masses in the scorecard table, and the RA/Dec used for cross-identification | Used. Fetched directly; the six log M∗ ≥ 10 rows read straight out of the file |
| — | Kocevski et al., ApJL 954 (2023): L4 | CEERS 3210 = L23 13050 at z = 5.624, a broad-line AGN | Used. arXiv:2302.00012. Cross-ID checked by coordinates, not by the paper's assertion alone |
| — | Fujimoto et al., ApJL 949 (2023): L25 | CEERS3-1748 = L23 35300 at z = 7.769, M∗ = 3.1 × 109; and L23 39575 at z = 7.993 | Used. arXiv:2301.09482. Mass read from Table 2 with its 108 M⊙ column unit applied |
| — | Wang, Bingjie, et al., ApJL 969 (2024): L13 | RUBIES-EGS-55604 (= 38094) at z = 6.98 and RUBIES-EGS-966323 (= 14924) at z = 8.35, with the full spread of masses across three priors | Used. arXiv:2405.01473. The paper prints both cross-IDs itself |
| — | López-Corredoira & Gutiérrez, arXiv:2601.16772, Jan 2026 | That L23 2859 and 11184 still had no spectroscopic redshift | Used. The Table 4 caption's rule — "Redshifts without error bars are spectroscopic redshifts" — is what settles it |
| — | Boylan-Kolchin, Nature Astronomy 7 (2023): 731 | The ε ≥ 0.57 threshold and the conditional wording of the challenge | Used. arXiv:2208.01611 |
| — | Boylan-Kolchin, MNRAS 538 (2025): 3210 | The fact that he later proposed a within-ΛCDM mechanism | Used, for attribution only. Metadata confirmed through Crossref; no quotation |
| — | Wang, Tao, et al., ApJL 988 (2025): L35 | The 0.4 dex MIRI correction, the 32%→13% LRD contamination drop, and ε ∼ 0.3 | Used. arXiv:2403.02399. Correction to project memory: agents/memory/jwst-early-galaxies.md attributes this paper to "Williams et al." The first author is Tao Wang, and the title is "JWST/MIRI reveals the true number density of massive galaxies in the early Universe." The memory file should be fixed |
| — | Chworowsky et al., AJ 168 (2024): 113 | "not in tension with modern cosmology" | Used. arXiv:2311.14804 |
| — | Matthee et al., ApJ 963 (2024): 129 | The paper that named "little red dots" | Used, for attribution only |
| — | Kocevski et al., ApJ 986 (2025): 126 | 341 LRDs; 71% confirmed AGN at F444W < 26.5 | Used. arXiv:2404.03576 |
| — | Akins et al., ApJ 991 (2025): 37 | "without it, we derive a mass function inconsistent with ΛCDM" | Used. arXiv:2406.10341 |
| — | Prada et al., arXiv:2604.18683, Apr 2026 | The 2026 ΛCDM verdict on the z ∼ 8 mass claims | Used. Preprint; no journal reference as of retrieval |
| — | McLeod et al., arXiv:2604.16666, Apr 2026 | The steep decline in the UV luminosity function beyond z = 12 | Used. Preprint; no journal reference as of retrieval |
| — | Weibel et al., ApJ 983 (2025): 11 | RUBIES-UDS-QG-z7, the quiescent galaxy at z = 7.29 with >100× the predicted number density | Used. arXiv:2409.03829 |
| — | Naidu et al., OJA 9 (2026) | MoM-z14 at z = 14.44, number density 182× pre-JWST models | Used. arXiv:2505.11263 |
lisle-2022b |
Lisle, Biblical Science Institute, 21 Jan 2022 | The dated pre-launch prediction | Used. Already in the library |
lisle-2022 |
Lisle, Biblical Science Institute, 9 Sep 2022 | The v1-preprint quoting and the "three orders of magnitude" gloss | Used. Already in the library |
5. Considered and not used
| Source | Why not |
|---|---|
| Giannantonio et al., MNRAS 426 (2012): 2581, and Planck 2015 XXI on the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect | Real large-scale-structure results, but they are a dark energy test rather than a structure test, and the parent article at /unpublished-ai/big-bang-cosmology/ already carries them with verified quotations. Belongs in /unpublished-ai/dark-energy/ |
| Atek et al. 2024 and Muñoz et al. 2024 on reionizing photons | Genuinely a high-redshift-galaxy result, but the parent article already tells that story in full, including the sign flip. Repeating it here would have been duplication |
| Sales, Wetzel & Fattahi, Nature Astronomy 6 (2022): 897, on the small-scale crisis | The missing-satellite and core-cusp problems are galaxy-scale, not large-scale-structure, and /unpublished-ai/dark-matter/ owns them |
| Barnes, ARJ 17 (2024): 785, replying to Lisle on JWST galaxy sizes | Explicitly assigned to /unpublished-ai/doppler-redshift/. Cited here only as a forward link |
| Greene et al., arXiv:2309.05714 (60% of UNCOVER compact red sources show broad Hα) | Superseded for this article's purpose by the larger Kocevski 2025 sample and the quantitative Wang 2025 contamination number. Nothing in it changes the conclusion |
| Maiolino et al., arXiv:2603.20362, on the candidate Population III HeII emitter near GN-z11 | Bears on Lisle's second January-2022 prediction, not on large-scale structure or galaxy masses. It belongs with the young-earth cosmology articles |
| Hartnett and Humphreys on redshift quantisation and white-hole cosmology | Not structure-formation claims. Handled in /unpublished-ai/young-universe-cosmologies/ |
| Clowes et al. 2013, the Huge-LQG discovery paper | The article cites Nadathur's refutation rather than the claim it refutes, because the point being made is about the null test. The discovery paper adds nothing the refutation does not restate |
DESI DR1 (desi-2024) |
Superseded by DR2 on every number this article uses |
6. Open items
- The de Lapparent 1986 PDF is not in the source library. It was read from a scratch download because the ADS article service was returning 504s for most of the session. It is worth adding under a proper key when the service is reliable, along with Geller & Huchra 1989 if a route to the Science back file can be found.
- Sawala & Teeriaho 2025 has no verified quotation. The Open Journal of Astrophysics PDF refused
curl. If a route opens, the "common and expected" phrasing recorded inagents/memory/big-bang-model.mdshould be checked verbatim before it is ever printed. - Whether L23 2859 and 11184 have been observed since January 2026 is still open. The article's table says "as of January 2026" for that reason and should be re-checked.