Only quotations checked against an opened page, PDF, or dataset belong here. Every entry below was read on August 8, 2026 from the source named, and the article's footnotes carry the same wording and locator.
Spelling, capitalization, and punctuation are the source's own. Where a scientific paper prints a superscript that flattens badly in extracted text, the entry says so. No entry here was transcribed from memory.
Verification method: web pages were fetched with bin/pagetext.py, which prints readable page text verbatim rather than summarizing it; PDFs were extracted with pdftotext -layout. Each quotation was then matched against the extraction by an exact string comparison after whitespace, dash, and quotation-mark normalization.
"Book of Mormon and DNA Studies," Gospel Topics Essays (2016)
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics-essays/book-of-mormon-and-dna-studies?lang=eng. This is the Church's official position and the document the article answers.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2016 | "Nothing is known about the DNA of Book of Mormon peoples, and even if their genetic profile were known, there are sound scientific reasons that it might remain undetected." |
| 2016 | "For these same reasons, arguments that some defenders of the Book of Mormon make based on DNA studies are also speculative." |
| 2016 | "In short, DNA studies cannot be used decisively to either affirm or reject the historical authenticity of the Book of Mormon." |
| 2016 | "The 2006 update to the introduction of the Book of Mormon reflects this understanding by stating that Book of Mormon peoples were 'among the ancestors of the American Indians.'" |
| 2016 | "conclusions about the genetics of a population must be informed by a clear understanding of the DNA of the population's founders" |
| 2016 | "At the present time, scientific consensus holds that the vast majority of Native Americans belong to sub-branches of the Y-chromosome haplogroups C and Q and the mitochondrial DNA haplogroups A, B, C, D, and X, all of which appear to have come to the Americas via migrations from East Asia." |
| 2016 | "The Book of Mormon itself, however, does not claim that the peoples it describes were either the predominant or the exclusive inhabitants of the lands they occupied. In fact, cultural and demographic clues in its text hint at the presence of other groups." |
| 2016 | "Consequently, most early Latter-day Saints assumed that Near Easterners or West Asians like Jared, Lehi, Mulek, and their companions were the first or the largest or even the only groups to settle the Americas." |
| 2016 | Quoting Dallin H. Oaks: "It is our position that secular evidence can neither prove nor disprove the authenticity of the Book of Mormon." |
Attribution caution. The Oaks sentence is quoted here exactly as the essay quotes it. The Oaks original was not opened, so the article's footnote labels the attribution second-hand.
The date question, settled. The essay itself dates the wording change to the 2006 edition. The 2013 Detailed Summary of Approved Adjustments catalogues the change without claiming to have made it. The article therefore dates the change to 2006 and says explicitly that a critic who dates it to 2013 is wrong. This is a retired claim in the series conventions and a past error of this project.
Detailed Summary of Approved Adjustments for the 2013 Edition of the Scriptures
Read from the local copy sources/papers/church-2013_approved-scripture-adjustments.pdf, extracted with pdftotext -layout; published at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/bc/content/shared/content/english/pdf/scriptures/detailed-summary-of-approved-adjustments.pdf. The passage is on page 21 of the PDF.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 21 | "Intro., par. 2, last sentence—Changed the phrase 'they are the principal ancestors' to 'they are among the ancestors,' providing clarity and greater accuracy, so that the statement reads: '. . . all were destroyed except the Lamanites, and they are among the ancestors of the American Indians.'" |
This document is also the article's source for the 1981 wording, which it quotes directly in the course of describing the change.
Spencer W. Kimball, "Of Royal Blood," Ensign, July 1971
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1971/07/of-royal-blood?lang=eng. Kimball was an apostle at the date of publication and became Church president in December 1973.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| Jul 1971 | "With pride I tell those who come to my office that a Lamanite is a descendant of one Lehi who left Jerusalem six hundred years before Christ and with his family crossed the mighty deep and landed in America. And Lehi and his family became the ancestors of all of the Indian and Mestizo tribes in North and South and Central America and in the islands of the sea." |
| Jul 1971 | "Now the Lamanites number about sixty million; they are in all of the states of America from Tierra del Fuego all the way up to Point Barrows, and they are in nearly all the islands of the sea from Hawaii south to southern New Zealand." |
| Jul 1971 | "The term Lamanite includes all Indians and Indian mixtures, such as the Polynesians, the Guatemalans, the Peruvians, as well as the Sioux, the Apache, the Mohawk, the Navajo, and others." |
Church history topic pages
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/history/topics/indian-student-placement-program?lang=eng and https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/history/topics/lamanite-identity?lang=eng.
| Page | Words |
|---|---|
| Indian Student Placement Program | "approximately fifty thousand Native American children participated in the Indian Student Placement Program (ISPP)" |
| Indian Student Placement Program | host families "understood at the time to be descendants of the Lamanites in the Book of Mormon" |
| Indian Student Placement Program | "Under his direction, the ISPP became an official Church program in 1954" |
| Indian Student Placement Program | "ISPP annual enrollment peaked at five thousand participants in 1970" |
| Indian Student Placement Program | "The ISPP's final participant graduated from high school in 2000." |
| Lamanite Identity | "The Church asserts that all members are part of the covenant house of Israel either by descent or adoption but does not take a position on the specific geography of the Book of Mormon or claim complete knowledge about the origins of any specific modern group in the Americas or the Pacific." |
| Lamanite Identity | "Over time, the group known as Lamanites grew to include others, such as some who 'had become Lamanites because of their dissensions' from the Nephites. Thus, the terms Nephite and Lamanite came to describe cultural and religious distinctions as well as ethnic differences." |
Joseph Smith, "Church History" (the Wentworth Letter), 1 March 1842
Read in the Church's modernised reprint at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/2002/07/the-wentworth-letter?lang=eng.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| Mar 1, 1842 | "We are informed by these records that America in ancient times has been inhabited by two distinct races of people. The first were called Jaredites and came directly from the Tower of Babel. The second race came directly from the city of Jerusalem about six hundred years before Christ. … The principal nation of the second race fell in battle towards the close of the fourth century. The remnant are the Indians that now inhabit this country." |
Caution, stated in the article's footnote as well. This is the Church's 2002 reprint, with editorial spelling and bracketed insertions. The 1842 Times and Seasons original was not collated. The Joseph Smith Papers source note was retrieved and confirms the publication data — "JS, 'Church History,' in Times and Seasons, 1 Mar. 1842, vol. 3, no. 9, 706–710" — but the document transcript itself did not render and was not read.
Book of Mormon and Doctrine and Covenants passages
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/ and the corresponding Doctrine and Covenants chapters. Verse references are given as the article gives them.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Title page | "To the Lamanites, who are a remnant of the house of Israel" |
| 1 Nephi 18:23 | "And it came to pass that after we had sailed for the space of many days we did arrive at the promised land; and we went forth upon the land, and did pitch our tents; and we did call it the promised land." |
| 1 Nephi 18:7 | "And now, my father had begat two sons in the wilderness; the elder was called Jacob and the younger Joseph." |
| 1 Nephi 16:7 | "And it came to pass that I, Nephi, took one of the daughters of Ishmael to wife; and also, my brethren took of the daughters of Ishmael to wife; and also Zoram took the eldest daughter of Ishmael to wife." |
| Mormon 6:14 | "And Lamah had fallen with his ten thousand; and Gilgal had fallen with his ten thousand; and Limhah had fallen with his ten thousand; and Jeneum had fallen with his ten thousand; and Cumenihah, and Moronihah, and Antionum, and Shiblom, and Shem, and Josh, had fallen with their ten thousand each." |
| Mormon 6:15 | "there were ten more who did fall by the sword, with their ten thousand each" |
| 2 Nephi 5:6 | "I, Nephi, did take my family, and also Zoram and his family, and Sam, mine elder brother and his family, and Jacob and Joseph, my younger brethren, and also my sisters, and all those who would go with me." |
| 2 Nephi 1:8 | "it is wisdom that this land should be kept as yet from the knowledge of other nations; for behold, many nations would overrun the land, that there would be no place for an inheritance" |
| 2 Nephi 1:9 | "they shall be kept from all other nations, that they may possess this land unto themselves" |
| Omni 1:15 | "Mosiah discovered that the people of Zarahemla came out from Jerusalem at the time that Zedekiah, king of Judah, was carried away captive into Babylon" |
| Omni 1:16 | "And they journeyed in the wilderness, and were brought by the hand of the Lord across the great waters, into the land where Mosiah discovered them" |
| Omni 1:17 | "they had become exceedingly numerous … and their language had become corrupted; and they had brought no records with them" |
| Ether 6:16 | "And the friends of Jared and his brother were in number about twenty and two souls." |
| Ether 6:20 | "the number of the sons and the daughters of the brother of Jared were twenty and two souls; and the number of sons and daughters of Jared were twelve, he having four sons." |
| D&C 28:8 | "you shall go unto the Lamanites and preach my gospel unto them" |
| D&C 28:9 | "it shall be on the borders by the Lamanites" |
| D&C 32:2 | "he shall go with my servants, Oliver Cowdery and Peter Whitmer, Jun., into the wilderness among the Lamanites" |
| Introduction, current edition | "After thousands of years, all were destroyed except the Lamanites, and they are among the ancestors of the American Indians." |
Eske Willerslev and David J. Meltzer, "Peopling of the Americas as inferred from ancient genomics," Nature 594 (2021): 356–364
Read at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03499-y. Abstract only — the full text is behind a subscription wall and was not obtained. Nothing in the article is attributed to the body of this paper.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2021 | "It is now evident that the initial dispersal involved the movement from northeast Asia of distinct and previously unknown populations, including some for whom there are no currently known descendants." |
| 2021 | "Notably, all ancient individuals in the Americas, save for later-arriving Arctic peoples, are more closely related to contemporary Indigenous American individuals than to any other population elsewhere, which challenges the claim—which is based on anatomical evidence—that there was an early, non-Native American population in the Americas." |
Morten Rasmussen et al., "The genome of a Late Pleistocene human from a Clovis burial site in western Montana," Nature 506 (2014): 225–229
Read in full from the author manuscript at https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4878442/ (PMC4878442).
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2014 | "The human bones date to 10,705±35 14C years BP (CAMS-80538; c. 12,707–12,556 calendar years BP)" |
| 2014 | "Initial genetic screening of the Anzick-1 skeletal remains using PCR coupled with cloning and Sanger sequencing yielded a mtDNA haplogroup assignment of D4h3a" |
| 2014 | "We determined the Y-chromosome haplogroup to be Q-L54*(xM3)" |
| 2014 | Anzick-1 "belonged to a meta-population from which many contemporary Native Americans are descended and is closely related to all indigenous American populations" |
The "14C" in the first entry is a superscript 14 before C in the original.
Morten Rasmussen et al., "The ancestry and affiliations of Kennewick Man," Nature 523 (2015): 455–458
Read in full from the author manuscript at https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4878456/ (PMC4878456).
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2015 | Earlier studies "refine his antiquity to 8358 ± 21 14C yrs BP or to within a two sigma range of 8400–8690 cal BP" |
| 2015 | "The mitochondrial genome was sequenced to ~71× coverage and is placed at the root of haplogroup X2a" |
| 2015 | "the Y-chromosome haplogroup is Q-M3 …; both uniparental lineages are found almost exclusively among contemporary Native Americans" |
Two notes. The extracted text runs the superscript together as "8358 ± 2114C yrs BP"; the reading given above is the obvious expansion and the only editorial correction in this entry. More importantly, the date sentence is Rasmussen et al. reporting an earlier study's redating, not their own measurement — their reference 2.
The reference-2 question, settled August 8, 2026. The reference list of the PMC author manuscript was read directly. Reference 2 reads: "Owsley DW, Jantz RL. Kennewick Man. Texas A&M University Press; 2014." (Reference 1 is "Taylor RE, Kirner DL, Southon JR, Chatters JC. Radiocarbon dates of Kennewick Man. Science. 1998;280:1171–1172.") The Owsley and Jantz volume — Kennewick Man: The Scientific Investigation of an Ancient American Skeleton, 669 pp. — could not be obtained: it is not held on archive.org, and no readable text is served by the publisher. The article's footnote therefore states plainly that the 8400–8690 cal BP figure reaches it second-hand through Rasmussen et al. and names Owsley and Jantz as the underlying source, and it prints the independent radiocarbon determination from the AADR beside it.
Allen Ancient DNA Resource annotation, the Kennewick and Greenland rows
Read directly out of sources/data/mallick-2026_aadr-v66p1-1240k.anno, the dataset counted for this article.
| Locator | Field values |
|---|---|
Row kennewick.SG |
Full Date: "7250-6390 calBCE (8410±60 BP, UCR3476/CAMS-29578)"; First publication: RasmussenWillerslevNature2015; Group ID: USA_WA_Kennewick_8800BP; Locality: "Columbia River (Washington State, Kennewick)" |
| Greenland Norse rows | 13 Greenland_EarlyNorse, 2 Greenland_EarlyNorse-1, 8 Greenland_LateNorse; all 23 attributed to MargaryanWillerslevNature2020; context ranges from "771-957 calCE (1183±29 BP, AAR-5258)" to "1168-1271 calCE (825±33 BP, AAR-5403)" |
| Villa-Islas rows | 10 individuals, Political Entity Mexico, Group ID Mexico_Medieval, dates 500-700 CE through 1300-1400 CE; publication Villa-IslasÁvila-ArcosScience2023 |
These are dataset field values, not prose quotations. They are recorded here because the article's Kennewick date, its Greenland Norse count, and its check on the Mesoamerican sampling gap all rest on them.
Brendan D. O'Fallon and Lars Fehren-Schmitz, "Native Americans experienced a strong population bottleneck coincident with European contact," PNAS 108:51 (2011): 20444–20448
Read in full at https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3251087/ (PMC3251087).
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2011 | "Using a dataset combining both ancient and contemporary mtDNA, we have demonstrated that the effective size of the Native American population underwent a detectable, although transient, contraction some 500 ypb. Although some uncertainty exists, the inferred population size 500 ypb is ∼50% of the predecline maximum some 3000 y before present." |
This is the source of the article's correction to its own side: the measured contraction in effective population size is about half, not the ninety percent census mortality that critical arguments usually invoke.
Douglas L. T. Rohde, Steve Olson, and Joseph T. Chang, "Modelling the recent common ancestry of all living humans," Nature 431 (2004): 562–566
Read in full from the local copy sources/papers/rohde-2004_modelling-recent-common-ancestry.pdf, extracted with pdftotext -layout. Journal pages were fixed by mapping PDF pages 1–5 onto printed pages 562–566.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 563 | "each individual living at least Un generations ago was either a common ancestor of all of today's humans or an ancestor of no human alive today. Thus, among all individuals living at least Un generations ago, each present-day human has exactly the same set of ancestors. We refer to this point in time as the identical ancestors (IA) point." |
| Page 565 | "With 5% of individuals migrating out of their home town, 0.05% migrating out of their home country, and 95% of port users born in the country from which the port emanates, the simulations produce a mean MRCA date of 1,415 BC and a mean IA date of 5,353 BC ." |
| Page 565 | "In generations sufficiently far removed from the present, some ancestors appear much more often than do others on any current individual's family tree, and can therefore be expected to contribute proportionately more to his or her genetic inheritance." |
| Page 565 | "Furthermore, because DNA is inherited in relatively large segments from ancestors, an individual will receive little or no actual genetic inheritance from the vast majority of the ancestors living at the IA point." |
The n in "Un" is a subscript in the original. The extra space before the full stop in the MRCA-date entry is an artifact of the source's small-caps "BC" and is not reproduced in the article.
Agnar Helgason, Birgir Hrafnkelsson, Jeffrey R. Gulcher, Ryk Ward, and Kári Stefánsson, "A Populationwide Coalescent Analysis of Icelandic Matrilineal and Patrilineal Genealogies," American Journal of Human Genetics 72 (2003): 1370–1388
Read in full from the local copy sources/papers/helgason-2003_icelandic-matrilineal-patrilineal.pdf (PMC1180299), extracted with pdftotext -layout.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Abstract, p. 1370 | "This populationwide coalescent analysis of Icelandic genealogies revealed highly positively skewed distributions of descendants to ancestors, with the vast majority of potential ancestors contributing one or no descendants and a minority of ancestors contributing large numbers of descendants." |
| Abstract, p. 1370 | "The expansion and loss of matrilines and patrilines has caused considerable fluctuation in the frequencies of mtDNA and Y-chromosome haplotypes, despite a rapid population expansion in Iceland during the past 300 years." |
| Page 1373 | "These results demonstrate even over a short timeframe of a few hundred years, during which the size of the Icelandic population increased almost fivefold, only a minority of potential ancestors actually contributed mtDNA or Y chromosomes to the contemporary population." |
| Page 1373 | "However, 62% (39,615) of contemporary females are descended from only 6.6% (1,356) of the potential matrilineal ancestors born between 1698–1742 and 71% (47,335) of contemporary males are descended from only 10.3% (1,859) of the potential patrilineal ancestors" |
Two notes. "These results demonstrate even over a short timeframe" is the source's own wording; there is no "that" after "demonstrate." The printed abstract contains a typo, giving the earlier ancestor cohort as "between 1798 and 1742"; every other occurrence in the paper reads 1698–1742, and the article quotes only the latter.
Noah A. Rosenberg and Magnus Nordborg, "Genealogical trees, coalescent theory and the analysis of genetic polymorphisms," Nature Reviews Genetics 3 (2002): 380–390
Read from the local copy sources/papers/rosenberg-2002_genealogical-trees-coalescent-theory.pdf. Cited so that "genetic drift" and "effective population size" rest on a named review rather than on general knowledge.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 383, glossary | "GENETIC DRIFT. The random fluctuations in allele frequencies over time that are due to chance alone." |
| Page 384 | "Under the basic coalescent model, the expected time to the MRCA for the entire population is twice the 'effective' number of copies of the gene in the population, in units of generations (in humans, estimates of the time to the MRCA are typically of the order of one million years)." |
Alexander Koch, Chris Brierley, Mark M. Maslin, and Simon L. Lewis, "Earth system impacts of the European arrival and Great Dying in the Americas after 1492," Quaternary Science Reviews 207 (2019): 13–36
Read from the CC BY copy at UCL Discovery, stored at sources/papers/koch-2019_great-dying-americas.pdf and extracted with pdftotext -layout.
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 13, abstract | "From 119 published regional population estimates we calculate a pre-1492 CE population of 60.5 million (interquartile range, IQR 44.8–78.2 million), utilizing 1.04 ha land per capita (IQR 0.98–1.11). European epidemics removed 90% (IQR 87–92%) of the indigenous population over the next century." |
The extraction renders en dashes as "e" throughout ("44.8e78.2"); the dashes above are the printed form and are the only editorial change.
Ida Moltke et al., "Uncovering the Genetic History of the Present-Day Greenlandic Population," American Journal of Human Genetics 96 (2015): 54–69
Read from sources/papers/moltke-2015_genetic-history-greenlandic.pdf (PMC4289681).
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 54, abstract | "more than 80% of the Greenlanders have some European ancestry (on average ~25% of their genome)" |
| Page 54, abstract | "the amount of recent European gene flow varies across Greenland and is far smaller in the more historically isolated areas in the north and east and in the small villages in the south" |
| Page 54, abstract | "Although it has been speculated that there has been historical admixture between the Norse Vikings who lived in Greenland for a limited period ~600–1,000 years ago and the Inuit, we found no evidence supporting this hypothesis." |
Marc Haber et al., "Continuity and Admixture in the Last Five Millennia of Levantine History," American Journal of Human Genetics 101 (2017): 274–282
Read from sources/papers/haber-2017_levantine-history-canaanite.pdf (PMC5544389).
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 274, abstract | "we sequenced five whole genomes from 3,700-year-old individuals from the city of Sidon, a major Canaanite city-state on the Eastern Mediterranean coast" |
| Page 274, abstract | "We show that present-day Lebanese derive most of their ancestry from a Canaanite-related population, which therefore implies substantial genetic continuity in the Levant since at least the Bronze Age." |
Gil Atzmon et al., "Abraham's Children in the Genome Era," American Journal of Human Genetics 86 (2010): 850–859
Read from sources/papers/atzmon-2010_abrahams-children-genome-era.pdf (PMC3032072).
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| Page 850, abstract | "genome-wide analysis of seven Jewish groups (Iranian, Iraqi, Syrian, Italian, Turkish, Greek, and Ashkenazi) and comparison with non-Jewish groups demonstrated distinctive Jewish population clusters, each with shared Middle Eastern ancestry, proximity to contemporary Middle Eastern populations, and variable degrees of European and North African admixture." |
Viridiana Villa-Islas et al., "Demographic history and genetic structure in pre-Hispanic Central Mexico," Science 380 (2023): eadd6142
Read from the author manuscript sources/papers/villa-islas-2023_prehispanic-central-mexico.pdf (PMC12087575).
| Locator | Words |
|---|---|
| 2023 | "we obtained informative amounts of shotgun sequence data (0.01x – 4.7 × genomes) for 12 individuals spanning a time transect of 750 years (600 – 1351 CE). These include ten low-depth genomes from within Mesoamerica in central Mexico, and two from Aridoamerica, in the Sierra Tarahumara." |
| 2023 | "we reconstructed the mitochondrial genomes for 27 individuals across these sites (5.7 – 1284.8x), spanning a time transect of 1,600 years (320 BCE to 1,351 CE)" |
John L. Sorenson, "Digging into the Book of Mormon," Ensign, September 1984
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/ensign/1984/09/digging-into-the-book-of-mormon-our-changing-understanding-of-ancient-america-and-its-scripture?lang=eng. Authority tier: an individual scholar in a correlated Church magazine, and the article disclaims official standing in its own words — "These articles are not intended to be an expression of official Church teachings."
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| Sept 1984 | "for at least the past forty years, many students of the subject who have studied it in depth have reached similar basic conclusions: (1) the events reported by Nephite and Jaredite scribes evidently covered only a limited territory in the New World 'land of promise,' and (2) there is presently known only one location in the Western Hemisphere that seems qualify as that scene" |
| Sept 1984 | "On the basis of my own research, I conclude with others that only one area qualifies in all respects—Mesoamerica." |
| Sept 1984 | "Then, in 1939, the Washburns published a detailed analysis of the geography in the Book of Mormon based strictly on its own statements and demonstrating the consistency of those statements." |
| Sept 1984 | "a commonly heard statement is that the Book of Mormon is 'the history of the American Indians.' This statement contains a number of unexamined assumptions" |
| Sept 1984 | "William Denevan's 1976 volume, The Native Population of the Americas in 1492, weighed all the arguments. His estimated total of 57 million for the hemisphere seems fairly safe. He concluded that Mexico and Central America had some 27 million." |
"seems qualify" is the source's own wording, missing a "to." The Denevan figures reach this article through Sorenson; Denevan's volume was not opened.
"Book of Mormon Geography," Topics and Questions (2023)
Read at https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/gospel-topics/book-of-mormon-geography?lang=eng.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2023 | "Some believe that the history depicted in the Book of Mormon—with the exception of the events in the Near East—occurred in North America, while others believe that it occurred in Central America or South America. Although Church members continue to discuss such theories today, the Church's only position is that the events the Book of Mormon describes took place in the ancient Americas." |
| 2023 | "The Church does not take a position on the specific geographic locations of Book of Mormon events in the ancient Americas." |
This page is why the article says that most Latter-day Saint scholarship places the narrative in Mesoamerica, rather than that every serious Latter-day Saint geography does.
Éadaoin Harney, Nick Patterson, David Reich, and John Wakeley, "Assessing the performance of qpAdm," Genetics 217:4 (2021): iyaa045
Read in full from the local copy sources/papers/harney-2021_qpadm-performance.pdf.
| Date | Words |
|---|---|
| 2021 | "In 99.3% of cases (220 total), the estimated α is within 3 standard errors of the simulated α, consistent with theoretical expectations, with an average standard error of 0.0092 (range: 0.008–0.011)." |
| 2021 | On degraded data, standard errors "equal to 0.015, 0.020, and 0.035" with 80%, 85% and 90% missing data under the allsnps: YES option. |
The conversion of these standard errors into a 3% and a 10% detection threshold is the article's own arithmetic, not the paper's statement. The article says so in its footnote, and it is the single place where a number in the article is a step removed from its source.
Allen Ancient DNA Resource, release v66.p1
Not a quotation source. The dataset file v66.p1_1240K.aadr.PUB.anno, published 8 June 2026 (Harvard Dataverse, doi:10.7910/DVN/FFIDCW, file id 13994515), is stored in the library at sources/data/mallick-2026_aadr-v66p1-1240k.anno and was counted directly for this article by research/aadr-american-genomes.py. Its full output is at research/aadr-american-genomes-output.txt. Every count in the article's census table, the haplogroup tallies, the five anomalous West Eurasian mitochondrial calls, the Greenland Norse group, and the two Mesoamerican individuals in the narrative window (I12574 and I23704) were re-checked against that output file on August 8, 2026 and all match exactly.